Android app development is the process of creating applications specifically for devices running the Android operating system. It involves designing, coding, testing, and deploying apps using languages like Java or Kotlin within the Android Studio development environment. Developers have access to a wide range of Android libraries, APIs, and tools to build apps with rich features such as push notifications, GPS functionality, camera integration, and in-app purchases. Android apps can be distributed through the Google Play Store or other third-party platforms. The development process focuses on optimizing for various devices, screen sizes, and performance, ensuring a seamless user experience across the Android ecosystem.