eCommerce businesses may employ some or all of the following: 1. Online shopping web sites for retail sales direct to consumers 2. Providing or participating in online marketplaces, which process third-party business-to-consumer or consumer-to-consumer sales 3. Business-to-business buying and selling 4. Gathering and using demographic data through web contacts and social media Business-to-business electronic data interchange 5. Marketing to prospective and established customers by e-mail or fax (for example, with newsletters) 6. Engaging in pretail for launching new products and services