Full-stack development refers to the practice of designing and developing both the client-side (frontend) and server-side (backend) components of a web application. A full-stack developer is proficient in a wide range of technologies and programming languages, allowing them to handle all aspects of a project from start to finish.

The frontend of a web application is responsible for the user interface and user experience. This includes the layout, design, and functionality of the application as it is presented to the user. Common frontend technologies include HTML, CSS, and JavaScript frameworks such as React and Angular.

The backend of a web application is responsible for managing the data and logic of the application. This includes tasks such as storing and retrieving data from databases, handling user authentication and authorization, and managing server-side resources. Common backend technologies include server-side programming languages such as Python, Ruby, and Node.js, as well as database systems such as MySQL and MongoDB.

Full-stack developers are also responsible for the deployment and maintenance of a web application. This includes managing hosting and server infrastructure, ensuring the security and performance of the application, and making updates and improvements as needed.

Overall, full-stack development requires a broad range of technical skills and expertise, as well as the ability to effectively communicate and collaborate with other members of a development team.