I have 6+ years of experience into functional testing as well. I have worked on applications based on multiple domains such as Healthcare, e-commerce, e-learning, etc and technologies like .net, java, C#, etc.
Please find below the gist of processes that I tend to follow while testing any application:
1. Understanding Business Logic and write requirements
2. Go through the complete system architecture(if possible)
3. Write test cases/scenarios. I have great exposure to BDD tools as well, like cucumber
4. Execute test cases manually and share the result with the team
5. Prepare an Automation Smoke of all the significant flows. It will be of great help during regression testing
6. Reporting Bugs will be a continuous effort
7. Provide release support to the team
Additional Things:
1. Create dashboards in JIRA for tracking the progress and showcasing my work to the business team
2. Send daily/weekly status report to the team