The history of Pakistan encompasses the history of the region constituting modern-day Pakistan, which is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions of South Asia, East Asia and Central Asia.[1] For over three millennia, the region has witnessed human activity[2] and one of the world's major civilizations,[3][4][5][6] the Indus Valley Civilisation. The history of the region constituting modern nation-state of Pakistan is associated with Ancient India, Classical India, Medieval India and British India.[7] The trade routes which traverse the Indus Valley linking Central Asia, the Indian subcontinent and the Orient have attracted people from as far as Greece and Mongolia.[8]