According to B.O. Wheeler Meaning of Business Finance includes those business activities that are concerned with the acquisition and conservation of capital funds in meeting the financial needs and overall objectives of a business enterprise.”
Business is identified with the generation and circulation of products and services for fulfilling of needs of society. For successfully doing any operation, business requires money which is known as business finance. Therefore, funds are known as the lifeblood of any business. A business would not function unless there is adequate money accessible for use.
The capital contributed by the businessman to establish the business isn’t adequate to meet the financial needs of the business. Consequently, the businessman needs to search for an option to generate funds. A research of the financial needs and options to fulfill those needs must be done with a specific end goal to arrive at effective financial management to maintain the business.
The fundamental necessities of business would be to buy a plant or apparatus, or it could be to buy raw materials, development of a business that prompts more enrollments, paying wages and so on. The money related necessities of a business can be classified as follows:
- Fixed Capital Requirement: In order to begin a business, money is required to buy fixed assets like land, building, plant and machinery. This is called the Fixed Capital Requirement.
- Working Capital Requirement: A business needs funds for its day to day activities. This is known as Working Capital Requirements. Working capital is required for the purchase of raw materials, paid salaries, wages, rent, and taxes.
- Diversification: A company needs more funds to diversify its activities to become a multi-product company e.g. ITC.
- Technology upgrading: Finances are needed to adopt the latest technology for example use of particular software and the latest computers in business.