Recently it has been found that umbilical cord and placenta are the two components which found to be rich rich sources of stem cells. Cord blood contains hematopoietic stem cells, progenitor cells which can form red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Cord blood stem cells have been used to treat over 80 diseases to date, including leukemia, cancers and blood disorders, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and sickle cell anemia. There are over 8,000 transplanted cord blood stem cells have been performed to date. Cord blood banking is a facility which stores umbilical cord blood for future use. Since the mid to late 1990 both private and public cord blood banks have developed. This is in response to the potential for cord blood transplants in treating diseases of the blood and immune systems.