Acne vulgaris is a skin disease that occurs when your hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, causing whiteheads or pimples.
Acne is more common in teens, although it affects people of all ages. Effective acne treatments are available, but it can last a long time. Blisters and bumps heal slowly, and when some start to go away, others seem to grow.
Depending on its severity, acne can cause scarring of the skin, so the earlier you start treatment, the lower your risk of such problems. [2]
Acne treatment and its effects
steroid injection
Nodular and cystic lesions can be treated with steroid injections. This treatment works to treat acne and reduce pain. Side effects may include thinning and discoloration of the skin in the treated area.
Retinoids and Retinoid-Like Medications
Medications containing retinoic acids or tretinoin are often helpful for moderate acne. They come in the form of creams, gels and lotions. Examples include tretinoin Avita, Retin-A, adapalene and tazarotene.
You can apply this medication in the evening, starting 3 times a week, then daily as your skin gets used to it. Do not use tretinoin at the same time as benzoyl peroxide.
benzoyl peroxide
Found in many acne creams and gels, it is used to dry out existing pimples and prevent new ones from forming. Benzoyl peroxide kills acne-causing bacteria.
azelaic acid and salicylic acid
Azelaic acid is a natural acid produced by yeast that has antibacterial properties. Azelaic acid 20% cream or gel is as effective as many traditional acne treatments when used twice a day.
Prescription azelaic acid is an option during pregnancy and while breastfeeding, and salicylic acid may help prevent clogging of hair follicles.
Antibiotics
These medications work by killing excess skin bacteria and reducing redness and inflammation. You can use both a retinoid and an antibiotic, with the antibiotic being applied in the morning and the retinoid in the evening.
Antibiotics are often combined with benzoyl peroxide to reduce the potential for developing antibiotic resistance. Examples include clindamycin with benzoyl peroxide and erythromycin with benzoyl peroxide.
Dapsone
Dapsone gel is recommended twice daily to treat inflammatory acne, especially in women with acne. Side effects include redness and dryness.
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