Calligraphy is one of the visual arts associated with writing. Letters are designed and written using a broad-tipped tool, a brush, or some other type of writing pen. Contemporary calligraphy can be defined as the art of giving a certain shape to letters in a language in an expressive and harmonious manner and in a professional style.
Modern calligraphy ranges from legible and clear inscriptions and designs to works of art where letters may be illegible. Classical calligraphy differs from typical non-classical typography or handwriting, although the calligrapher must practice both.
Calligraphy continues to thrive and evolve with its use on wedding invitations or public events, in calligraphy and typography designs, original brand designs, in religious art, graphic art, or on engravings and monuments. It is also used in motion pictures in movies and on television, in recommendation papers, birth and death certificates, notarized papers, maps, and other written works.
Tools
The primary tools that a calligraphy artist uses are the ink pen and brush. Calligraphy pens are flat-edged, rounded or pointed. Multi-point pens or hard brushes can be used for various design purposes.
Artwork can also be designed with ballpoint pens or colored pens, although such tools cannot be used to create sharp-angled lines. Some styles of calligraphy, such as the Gothic style, require a ballpoint pen with a metal tip.
Writing ink is often water based, so it is less viscous than ink used for printing, whose main material is oil.
As for the paper, it is of a special quality that has high ink absorption and a smooth texture that facilitates drawing lines. Parchment and vellum are often used, and errors are removed with a sharp knife. There is no need to use the light box to make straight lines. On striped paper, the lines are spaced a half or a quarter of an inch, sometimes an inch. Such as litterea unciales and striped collage paper.