Full-stack development is a complete package wherein the developer handles both the front-end and back-end development. Cutting off the double recruitments, software companies usually take a leap of faith for full stack developers who could manage both client and server sides efficiently. The developers herein are expected to be proficient in languages such as React.Js and Angular, MERN Stack, MEAN Stack, etc.
The field of web app development is pretty wide. It can be understood as apps working on different web servers that have higher user interaction, typically google apps, Facebook, or Netflix. For web app development, big companies use technologies such as PHP, Javascript, Python, etc.